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Tissue Culture Banana Cultivation Technology
PANAMA WILT (OR) FUSARIUM WILT
Symptoms:
Panama wilt is caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense. Both external and internal symptoms are present in the affected plant.
- Symptoms commence as yellowing of older leaves and progresses to youngest leaf.
- The affected leaves collapse gradually at the petiole and hang around the Pseudostem.
- At advanced stages of the disease development, splitting of the Pseudostem occurs coinciding with the collapse of crown.
Wilt is a vascular disease and attacks the conducting tissues. A transverse section of the Pseudostem/leaf base/rhizome exhibits presence of wilt fungus in the form of purplish or brownish-black discoloration of the vascular bundles that disrupts the translocation of nutrients leading to collapse of foliage and cessation of the growth of the crown.
- Provide good drainage in field wherever water stagnation occurs.
- Bimonthly drenching and weekly spray with 0.1% Bavistin for 2-3 weeks on and around the infected plants.
- Uproot severely infected plants and burn them. Liming of the infected soil at the site of uprooted plants, helps in reducing the survival of fungus.
Click this link for:
A highly successful method for effective control of Panama Wilt (or) Fusarium wilt in Banana plants.
Regards,
A.Vishnu Sankar
Posted in: 43. Fungal disease - Panama or Fusarium Wilt
18 comments:
Dear Sir:
Would like to know, where can I get the Pseudostem injector?
PS:
My heartfelt thanks to Shri Ramco Biotech & its Chairman, for providing clear information about management of Banana growing!
Have a great day!
Vivek.
Dear Friends,
Pseudostem Injector is nothing but a 1.5 to 2 litre capacity hand held Garden Sprayer fitted with a specially made injector needle.
It is available in almost all the fertilizer cum pesticide dealers in Coimbatore. The cost is around Rs.400 to 450 per piece. The needle alone costs Rs.150 per piece. Though we (Shri Ramco Biotech) are not selling it we can arrange to send the needle to your place. Please send us your address thro' ramcobiotech@gmail.com.
Thank you,
Yours friendly,
A.Vishnu Sankar.
Mr. Vishnu Sankar:
My name is Vivekananda and I am a Banana farmer from Talavadi in Erode district.
I have cultivated Kathali (Ellaki Bhale) and facing splitting of Pseudo stem.
I am writing this mail to get your opinion on this.
Details:
Variety - Kathali
Qty - 6500
Age of plant - 4 months old
Source of seed plant - old mother plant
Have taken some photos and posted in the Picasa Photo Album and the link is provided blow for you to access the same.
https://picasaweb.google.com/vivekanandask/PanamaWilt?authuser=0&feat=directlink
Would like you to have a look at the photo and please confirm, whether this is due to Panama wilt?
Thanks for all your help in this regard.
Have a good day.
Dear Sir,
Please read the post "Panama Fusarium wilt' in this blog to know more about this fungal attack.
There is no yellowing of old leaves (in the pictures sent by you) and there is no reddish colouration or the characteristic prominent bulge of the affected pseudostem part.
In your photos I observe only splitting of basal (outer) leaf sheath that is normal during rapid growth phase. See pics of 'splitting of pseudostem' in the above given link.
There is of course a slight doubt in the pics No.7 and 11. Take precautionary measures as described in the link and use pseudostem injector as a prophylactic measure for a 100% cure.
Mr. Vishnu Sankar:
Please accept my heartfelt thanks to you for taking up time to clarify the below point.
I am a regular visitor to "tcbanana.blogspot.com" and I will take precautionary step by using Pseudo-stem injector as you suggested.
Can you suggest me, is there a way that I can send affected part of the plants to a laboratory for test and assure myself, the symptom doesn't belong to 'Fusarium wilt'?
Once again would like to thank you and Shree Ramco Biotech for the service provided to the farming community through your blogspot.
Have a good day Mr. Vishnu Sankar!
Regards / Vivek.
Dear Mr.Vivek,
You can send the affected plant parts to NRCB, Trichy or TNAU, Coimbatore for analysis to satisfy your academic interest and for your mental peace.
The samples should reach the lab within a day to prevent decaying of the affected plant tissue parts. Plant pathologists may need affected rhizome as a whole with some roots, a part of pseudostem and some pictures of the affected plants for giving a correct result. Plant parts should be first wrapped in news papers and then pack them in gunny bags. Do not sprinkle water since it will lead to contamination. Do not use polythene or woven sacks for packing.
To avoid risks, adopt all precautionary measures like application fungicides instead of waiting for the lab results. The remedial measures suggested by the Scientists can be followed subsequently.
Always remember that to become a successful farmer strictly follow timely application of fertilizers and plant protection chemicals.
Some more points to be considered when you collect a tissue sample for testing:
Collect samples in the morning.
They should be drawn before application of any fertilizer,Pesticide and fungicides.
Use perforated papers to wrap the sample to avoid rotting in transit.
Mr. Vishnu Sankar:
Thanks a lot.
Will do all the precautionary steps as per your advise.
Will revert back to you once I have the results from either of the labs.
Regards / Vivek.
Mr. Vishnu Sankar:
This is in continuation of my early mail regarding Pseudo-stem split (Fusorium Wilt).
As per your suggestion injected with Bavistin + Streptomycin + Monchrotophos and further splitting of pseudo-stem stopped. Thanks for your advise on the same.
As a precautionary step I am planning for drenching around the pseudo-stem, with Bavistin + COC, just to make sure to eliminate the active & dormant spores of Fusorium available in the soil.
As I do not want to have the same problem in the future, decided to go for Tissu cultured plants. I may require 6500 Kathali plants end of August. Let me know the procedure to book the same.
Have a good Day!
Vivek.
Dear Sir,
Happy to hear from you that there is cure from wilt attack. I hope you would have applied second dose within 15 days of Ist injection.
As a precautionary measure, drenching the root zone of the Banana plant (which recovered from wilt) with one liter of solution containing Hexaconazole 1 ml + Carbendazim 2 gm + Chlorpyrifos 1 ml (a week after II injection) will greatly help you in containing the wilt.
We can discuss matters relating to your Tissue culture Elakki plant requirement, date of supply, price Etc., when I visit your area next week end.
Regards,
Vishnu Sankar.
Dear friends,
Please have a look at this "Malaya Business Insight" in this link:
http://www.malaya.com.ph/03232012/agri2.html. Devastation caused by Fusarium wilt on Banana.
Philippines: Natural controls may still be key to banana wilt
There are hopes that natural control processes may still prove effective against banana wilt disease. Chemical controls are ineffective as the soil, once infected with the disease, can not be replanted for at least a decade.
Last year the Department of Agriculture allocated funds for surveying, monitoring, combating of the disease and for quarantine, provision of alternative crop varieties and installation of tyre baths and checkpoints. Quarantine, for example, will involve isolating infected areas by heating the soil around the banana plants with burning rice hulls or charcoal.
Together with the Filipino Banana Growers and Exporters Association (PBGEA), several towns have already restricted the movement of planting materials in infected areas.
Training will be carried out so that banana workers will be able to identify the disease at the earliest possible opportunity.
Studies are going to be carried out to try and ascertain why some soils seem more likely to support the disease than others.
Among the microbial agents, foremost is Trichoderma fungus, an ingredients in rapid composting technologies. Studies show that wilting is delayed by as much as two months in seedlings treated with the fungus prior to planting.
Seventy-three percent of infected plants treated with Trichoderma recover a month after its application. Mass production of Trichoderma is being pushed so that field validation can begin, especially in small farms.
Research will look at soil-inhabiting fungi that enhance the banana’s ability to repel or resist infection. The fungi form mutually beneficial or symbiotic relationships with at least 80 percent of all plants.
When the fungi colonize the roots of a host plant, they improve the plant’s ability to absorb fertilizer and other nutrients from the soil. They also enhance the retention of moisture around the roots. In some instances, the fungi release substances into the soil that inhibit the growth of infectious organisms.
The most cost-efficient measure may still be resistant varieties. Field trials done by the PBGEA and Bioversity International show that the variety GCTCV 119 is resistant to the Panama disease.
GCTCV-119 is a Cavendish variety with resistance to the Fusarium fungus that causes the Panama disease. Its fruit is different from the ordinary Cavendish in its greater sweetness, starchy texture and dark shiny peel.
Location trials of the variety will determine how it will fare in soil that is already infested by the fungus. Also, partners will be piloting fertilization methods to include the use of organic fertilizer.
The evaluation of new varieties from Taiwan, including Cavendish varieties GCTCV-119 and GCTCV-218, was initiated under the S&T Anchor Program on Banana.
Compared to the commercial varieties Grand Naine and Williams, the GCTCV-119 and 218 were highly resistant and have comparable yield and fruit quality.
Source: www.malaya.com.ph
Hello sir i ,request u to send me pseudostem injectoralong with 3 extra needles to my address ,sir u can also let me know the mode of payment sureshbabu bangalore-10 thanking you regards
Dear Sir,
You have mistaken me as a trader. I am just spreading the knowledge of Banana cultivation and not selling anything.
Pseudostem injector is nothing but a '1 litre capacity Garden sprayer' that is easily available in Bangalore itself. The needle is an additional attachment only.
Ask for 'Adithya' or 'Kissan Kraft' make Garden Sprayer 1 litre cans (Price Rs.150 to 200) that are available at all fertilizers shops at Gubiveeranna Rangamandira Road, Near Majestic, Bangalore. You have to buy needles separately.
thank u for the reply,sprayer is available in Bangalore but needle i searched not available,so if u give the phone number of the dealer where i can get i dont mind even coimbatore in Tamilnadu.
Pseudostem Injector needles are available in almost all the Sprayer/Pesti dealers in Ram Nagar (behind Coimbatore, Gandhipuram mofussil bus stand). Cost per piece Rs.125 for needle with plastic grip that holds needle tube and the threaded gunmetal adaptor together. Do not buy full iron needle which costs only 50 to 70.
I think you know how to use it and for any doubts please visit this blog.
Dear Mr.Vishnu Sankar,
Currently Erode Banana growers struggling to recover the plants which affected by Fusarium Wilt. Is there any updated methods to recover the plants..??
Dear friend,
Carbendazim (Bavistin) is the proven fungicide for the control of Fusarium wilt throughout the world.
Give it as foliar spray, drench the root zone with it, inject the solution to the stem using pseudostem injector or use capsule applicator.
After many trials using 'Pseudostem injector' is found to be good with astounding results.
Refer this link: http://tcbanana.blogspot.in/2011/09/using-pseudostem-injector-for-effective.html
Regards,
A.Vishnu Sankar
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